What happens when you switch on a T.V, light or a computer? What is the process going in through these systems? All these system are made of electric circuits, which in turn is made from Electronic Components. The electric circuit function allows current, or flow of electrons, through the wires. The wires in electric circuit carry current through the wires throughout the system just like the blood in our circulatory system.
Below are some of the types of electric circuits used in different systems:
A closed circuit has a complete path for current to flow. This means that it has a complete electrical connection around which current flows or circulates.
An open circuit doesn't have a complete path for current to flow which makes it non functional. In this electrical circuit the continuity is broken so that current does not flow.
A short circuit is responsible for bypassing the part of the circuit, as it has a low-resistance path, usually made unintentionally. This may happen when two exposed wires in a circuit touch each other. The part of the circuit bypassed by the short circuit will not function and a large amount of current will flow. This sometimes generates a lot of heat in the wire and may cause fire.
In a series circuit, through all the components same current flows. Across the whole circuit the total voltage is the sum of the voltage across each component and the total resistance is the sum of the resistances of each component.
In a parallel circuit the current flows through more than one path. Across each component of the parallel circuit the voltage is the same. The sum of the currents through each path is equal to the total current that flows from the source.
Electric circuits are generally complex combinations of series and parallel circuits. It has several applications and the electric lighting is the first application of this for practical use.
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